A vhara vharuvhuchinhu chakakosha mumapombi akagadzirirwa kudzora kufamba kwemvura kana magasi. Nekuvhura, kuvhara, kana kuvhara nzira zvishoma, mavharuvhu aya anovimbisa kuchengetedzeka, kudzora kumanikidzwa, uye kudzivirira kudonha kwemvura. Ingave iri mumapombi emumba, maindasitiri, kana mapaipi emafuta negasi, mavharuvhu akavharwa akakosha pakushanda zvakanaka kwehurongwa uye kutarisira emergency.
Mhando dzeMavharuvhu Ekudzima
Mavharuvhu anovharwa anouya mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana, imwe neimwe yakakodzera mashandisirwo chaiwo. Heano marudzi akajairika:
Vharuvhu yeBhora
Vharuvhu yebhora inoshandisa bhora rinotenderera rine bhore kudzora kuyerera kwemvura. Inodzivirira nekukurumidza, inogara kwenguva refu, uye inodzikisa kumanikidzwa zvishoma. Yakanakira masisitimu emvura, gasi, uye mafuta.
Vharuvhu yeGedhi
Mavharuvhu egedhi ane gedhi rakaita sewedge rinosimudza kuti mvura ifambe zvakanaka. Akanakira kudzora kuvhura/kudzima muzvishandiso zvisinganyanyi kufambiswa, zvakaita semitsetse yemvura.
Vharuvhu Yepasi
Mavharuvhu epasi rose anozivikanwa nekudzora kuyerera kwemvura nemazvo, anoshandisa nzira yedhisiki nechigaro. Anozivikanwa muHVAC systems uye mapaipi emafuta.
Vharuvhu yeBhatafurayi
Vharuvhu diki, yakareruka ine dhisiki rinotenderera. Vharuvhu dzeshavishavi dzinoshanda zvakanaka mukugadzirisa mvura nekudzivirira moto.
Vharuvhu Yekutarisa
Inobvumira kuyerera kwemvura nenzira imwe chete, ichidzivirira kudzokera shure kwemvura. Inoshandiswa mumasisitimu etsvina uye mumitsetse yekuburitsa mvura inoyerera.
Vharuvhu yeDiaphragm
Inoshandisa diaphragm inochinjika kuti iparadzanise kuyerera kwemvura. Yakanakira mvura inoparadza kana inotsvedza mukugadzirwa kwemakemikari.
Vharuvhu yetsono
Yakagadzirwa kuti idzore kuyerera kwemvura nemazvo nechinhu chinopinza chakaita setsono. Inowanikwa muzvishandiso zvemagetsi uye masisitimu ehydraulic.
ESDV (Emergency Shutdown Valve)
Vharuvhu yakagadzirwa nehunyanzvi hwekuvhara nekukurumidza panguva dzenjodzi, inowanzoitwa otomatiki. Yakakosha mumakambani ekuchenesa mafuta nemapaipi egasi.
Mashandisirwo eMavharuvhu Ekudzima
Mavharuvhu ekudzima anoshanda mabasa akasiyana-siyana mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana:
- Pekugara: Bvisa mvura panguva yekugadzirisa (semuenzaniso, mavharuvhu ebhora pasi pemasinki).
- Maindasitiri: Gadzirisa utsi, makemikari, kana mafuta (mavharuvhu epasi rose, mavharuvhu ediaphragm).
- Oiri neGasi: Iva nechokwadi chekuti wakachengeteka neESDV panguva yekubuda kwemvura kana kumanikidzwa kwacho kuchikwira.
- Dziviriro yeMoto: Mavharuvhu eshavishavi anogonesa kudzora kuyerera kwemvura nekukurumidza mumasisitimu esprinkler.
- Mishonga: Mavharuvhu etsono anochengetedza kunyatsoshanda kwemvura.
Mavharuvhu Ekudzima Anoshanda Sei?
Maitiro ekushanda anosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi asi anotevera musimboti wakajairika:
1. Kuita: Mavharuvhu anoshandiswa nemaoko (handwheel, lever) kana otomatiki (electric/pneumatic actuators).
2. Kudzora Kuyerera:
–Mavharuvhu eBhora/Butterfly: Tenderedza 90° kuti uvhure/uvhare.
–Mavharuvhu eGedhi/Globe: Kufamba kwemutsetse kunosimudza/kudzikisa gedhi kana dhisiki.
–Mavharuvhu Ekutarisa: Vimba nekumanikidzwa kwemvura kuti uvhure/uvhare.
3. Kuvhara: Zvivharo zvakasimba (rabha, PTFE) zvinodzivirira kubuda kwemvura kana zvakavharwa.
Kusarudza Valve Yakakodzera
Kusarudza valve yekudzima kunoenderana nezvinhu zvakaita se:
- Rudzi rwemvura: Mvura inoparadza inoda mavharuvhu ediaphragm; magasi anokodzera mavharuvhu ebhora.
- Kumanikidzwa/Tembiricha: Masisitimu ane simba guru anoda maESDV akasimba kana mavharuvhu egedhi.
- Kushandiswa Kwakawanda: Mavharuvhu ebhora anogara kwenguva yakareba kana achishandiswa zvakanyanya.
Mhedziso
Kubva kumaESDV munzvimbo dzine njodzi kusvika kumavharuvhu ebhora ari nyore mudzimba, mavharuvhu akavharika ndiwo musimboti wemasisitimu ekudzora mvura. Kunzwisisa mhando dzawo, mashandisirwo awo, uye mashandiro awo kunoita kuti pave nekushanda kwakanaka uye kuchengetedzeka. Kugara uchigadzirisa uye kusarudza mavharuvhu nemazvo kunowedzera hupenyu hwesisitimu.
Nguva yekutumira: Kukadzi-21-2025