Chii chinonzi Shutdown Valve (SDV)

ChiiVharuvhu Yekudzima

Vharuvhu Yekudzima (inozivikanwawo seSDV kana Emergency Shutdown Valve, ESV, ESD, kanaESDV) ivharuvhu inofambiswa yakagadzirirwa kumisa kuyerera kwemvura ine njodzi kana yaonekwa kuti pane njodzi.

yake inopa dziviriro kubva pakukuvadzwa kunogona kuitika kuvanhu, michina kana nharaunda. Mavharuvhu ekudzima anoumba chikamu cheSafety Instrumented System. Maitiro ekupa dziviriro yekuchengetedzwa otomatiki kana chiitiko chine njodzi chaonekwa anonzi Functional Safety.

Mhando dzeVharuvhu Yekudzima

Zvemvura, simbi yakagaramavharuvhu ebhoraanoshandiswa semavharuvhu ekudzima (SDV's). Kushandiswa kwemavharuvhu esimbi akagadzirwa nesimbi kunotungamira pakudzikira kwemitengo kana tichifunga nezvekurasikirwa kwekugadzirwa uye zvinhu zviri mudura, uye mari yekugadzirisa mavharuvhu inobva mukushandiswa kwemavharuvhu ebhora akagadzirwa nemaoko ane mutengo wakaderera wekutanga.

Mavharuvhu ekuyerera akatwasuka, akadai semavharuvhu ebhora anotenderera, anowanzova mavharuvhu anodzorera simba zvakanyanya. Mavharuvhu anodzorera simba zvakanyanya ndiwo mavharuvhu anorasikirwa nesimba shoma nekuda kwekukanganisika kwekuyerera kwemvura. Nzira dzekuyerera kwemvura dzakatwasuka. Mavharuvhu ekudzora anotenderera, mavharuvhu eshavishavi nemavharuvhu ebhora mienzaniso yakanaka.

Pakudzimwa kwemhepo inopinda nemhepo, mhando mbiri dzakasiyana dzinoshandiswa, kureva mavharuvhu ebhururu nemavharuvhu eswing gate kana guillotine. Nekuti mainjini edhiziri anopisa mafuta achishandisa compression panzvimbo pemagetsi, kudzima mafuta kubva kuinjini yedhiziri hakuzoregi injini kuti irege kushanda.

Kana hydrocarbon yekunze, senge methane gasi, iri mumhepo, inogona kusvetwa muinjini yedhiziri zvichikonzera kumhanya zvakanyanya kana kutenderera zvakanyanya, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kutadza kushanda zvakanaka uye kuputika. Kana ikashandiswa, mavharuvhu eESD anomisa kufamba kwemhepo uye anodzivirira kutadza kushanda uku.

Mhando dzeKushanda

Sezvo mavharuvhu ekudzima achiumba chikamu cheSIS. Zvakakosha kushandisa vharuvhu uchishandisa actuator.

Ma actuator aya anowanzo kuve rudzi rwesimba remvura rakachengeteka.

Mienzaniso yakajairika yeizvi ndeiyi:

Sirinda yemhepo

Sirinda yeHydraulic

Chinofambisa magetsi chemagetsi

Kuwedzera kune rudzi rwemvura, ma actuator anosiyanawo nenzira iyo simba rinochengetwa kuti rishande vharuvhu kana richidiwa seinotevera:

Sirinda imwe chete inoshanda– Kana kuti chitubu chinodzoka uko simba rinochengetwa kuburikidza nechitubu chakamanikidzwa

Sirinda inoshanda kaviri- Simba rinochengetwa uchishandisa huwandu hwemvura yakamanikidzwa

Rudzi rwekushanda runodiwa runoenderana nekushandiswa, nzvimbo yacho uye nzvimbo iripo kunyangwe akawanda ma actuator anoshandiswa kuma shutdown valves ari emhando ye spring return nekuda kwekusashanda zvakanaka kwema spring return systems.

Kuyera Kushanda

Zvemavharuvhu ekuvharikaZvinoshandiswa muzvishandiso zvekuchengetedza zvakakosha kuziva kuti vharuvhu inokwanisa kupa mwero wekuchengetedza unodiwa uye kuti vharuvhu ichaita basa kana uchida.

Kushanda kwemuviri kunodiwa kunotemerwa neSafety Integrity Level (SIL). Kuti utevedzere kushanda kwemuviri uku, zvakakosha kuyedza vharuvhu. Kune mhando mbiri dzenzira dzekuyedza dziripo dziriBvunzo rehumbowo

- Bvunzo yemaoko inobvumira mushandi kuona kana vharuvhu iri mumamiriro ezvinhu "akanaka seatsva" nekuyedza nzira dzese dzinogona kukundikana uye inoda kuti fekitari ivharwe.Kuongororwa Kwekuongorora

- Kuedza otomatiki paindaneti kunoona huwandu hwenzira dzinogona kukundikana dzevharuvhu yekudzima. Muenzaniso weizvi wevharuvhu yekudzima ingave bvunzo yechikamu chestroke. Muenzaniso wemudziyo wekuyedza stroke yemakanika.