Zviratidzo zvevharuvhuzvinhu zvakakosha zvemainjiniya, kunyanya mumadhayagiramu epombi uye zvishandiso (P&IDPakati pezviratidzo izvi,chiratidzo chevharuvhu reshavishaviinoonekwa zvikuru nekuda kwekugadzirwa kwayo kwakasiyana uye kushandiswa kwayo mumaindasitiri akawanda. Chinyorwa chino chinoongorora kukosha kwechiratidzo chevharuvhu remashavishavi, chichienzanisa nezvimwe zviratidzo zvevharuvhu zvakaita sechiratidzo chevharuvhu risingadzore, uye inoratidza basa reVagadziri nevatengesi vevharuvhu yemashavishavi vakavakirwa muChinamukupa mhinduro dzemhando yepamusoro pamakwikwimitengo yevharuvhu yemashavishavi.
Chii chinonzi chiratidzo chevharuvhu rebhatafurayi
Iyochiratidzo chevharuvhu reshavishavimufananidzo uri nyore kushandisa unoshandiswa mumifananidzo yeinjiniya kuratidza kuvapo kwevharuvhu remapuruguru muhurongwa hwemapaipi. Kazhinji ine mitsetse miviri yakatwasuka (inomiririra dhisiki) inosanganisa mutsetse wakatwasuka (pombi), ichiumba "shavishavi"chimiro." Chiratidzo ichi chinobatsira mainjiniya nevanozivana kuti vaone mhando dzemavharuvhu nekukurumidza panguva yekugadzira, kugadzirisa, kana kugadzirisa matambudziko.
Mavharuvhu eshavishaviDzinozivikanwa nekuda kwekugadzirwa kwadzo kudiki, kushanda nekukurumidza, uye kushanda zvakanaka kwemari. Dzinodzora kuyerera kwemvura nekutenderedza dhisiki nemadhigirii makumi mapfumbamwe, zvichiita kuti dzive dzakanakira mapaipi ane dhayamita hombe mumaindasitiri akadai sekuchenesa mvura, mafuta negesi, uye masisitimu eHVAC.
Zviratidzo zveVharuvhu Zvakajairika: Vharuvhu yeButterfly vs. Vharuvhu Isina Kudzoka
Kunzwisisa zviratidzo zvevharuvhu kunoita kuti pave nekururama mukugadzirwa kwesystem. Heino kuenzanisa kwezviratidzo zviviri zvakakosha:
1. Chiratidzo cheVharuvhuti reBhatafurayi
- Inomiririra vharuvhu inotenderera ine denderedzwa redhisiki.
– Yakadhirowa semutsetse wakamira unobatana nemutsetse wepombi yakatwasuka.
- Kazhinji yakanyorwa kuti “BV"kana mamwe mashoko ekuwedzera kuti zvive pachena."
2. Chiratidzo cheVharuvhu Risingadzoserwe (Tarisa Vharuvhu)
- Yakagadzirwa kuti ibvumire kufamba kwese kwese munzira imwe chete.
– Inoratidzwa semuseve unonongedzera kunzira inobvumirwa kuyerera, kazhinji nemutsetse wakakombama kana kuti kuvharwa kwakakombama.
Kunyange zvazvo mavharuvhu eshavishavi achidzora mafambiro emvura uye huwandu hwemvura, mavharuvhu asingadzokeri mvura anodzivirira kudzoka kwemvura. Zviratidzo zvese izvi zvakakosha pakuchengetedza mashandiro ehurongwa uye kuchengetedzeka.
Sei Kubva Kumunhu Akavimbika?Mugadziri weVharuvhuti yeBhatafurayimuChina
China yave nzvimbo huru pasi rose yekugadzira mavharuvhu emaindasitiri, ichipa:
- Mhinduro Dzinoshanda Nemutengo Wakaderera: Kukwikwidzanamitengo yevharuvhu yemashavishavinekuda kwemaitiro ekugadzira akareruka uye hupfumi hwenzvimbo.
- Tekinoroji Yepamusoro: Kutungamiravatengesi vevharuvhu yeshavishavimuChina vanoshandisa mitsetse yekugadzira otomatiki uye vanotevedzera mitemo yepasi rose (ISO, API, CE).
- KugadzirisaVagadziri vanopa magadzirirwo akagadzirirwa kuyera kumanikidzwa, zvinhu (simbi yakakandwa, simbi isingatsvi), uye nzira dzekushandisa (nemaoko, pneumatic, yemagetsi).
- Hunyanzvi hweKutumira Zvinhu Kunze Kwenyika Pasirose: Vatengesi vekuChina vanopa vatengi pasi rese, vachiona kuti zvigadzirwa zvavo zvinotumirwa nenguva uye zvinotevedzera zvitupa zvemudunhu.
Zvinhu Zvinokanganisa Mutengo weVharuvhuti yeButterfly
Iyomutengo wevharuvhu yeshavishavizvinosiyana zvichienderana ne:
- Zvinhu: Mavharuvhu esimbi isina ngura anodhura kupfuura simbi yakakandwa asi anodzivirira ngura zvakanyanya.
- Saizi uye Kuyera Kumanikidzwa: Mavharuvhu makuru (semuenzaniso, dhayamita ye 48-inch) kana mamodheru ane simba guru anoda kuvakwa kwakasimba, zvichiwedzera mitengo.
- Rudzi rweKushanda: Mavharuvhu anogadzirwa otomatiki ane maactuator anodhura kupfuura emaoko.
- Nzvimbo yeMutengesi: Kutsvaga zvakananga kubvaChina vharuvhu vharafu vatengesikazhinji inoderedza mari kana tichienzanisa nevaya vanopa rubatsiro.
Kusarudza Mutengesi weVhubhubhu Akakodzera
Pakusarudzamutengesi wevharuvhu yemashavishavi, tanga nekuisa zvinhu zvinokosha pakutanga:
1. Zvitupa: Iva nechokwadi chekuti zvinotevedzwa nemitemo yeindasitiri.
2. Ruzivo: Sarudza vagadziri vane mukurumbira wakanaka muchikamu chako.
3. Rutsigiro rweKutengesa Mushure meKutengesa: Tsvaga vimbiso, rubatsiro rwehunyanzvi, uye kuwanikwa kwezvikamu zvekuchengetedza.
Vatengesi vazhinji vekuChina, vakaita seMugadziri weVharuvhu yeNSW, sanganisa mukana wekutenga zvinhu zvishoma nezvishoma uye kuvimbika, zvichiita kuti vave vadyidzani vanosarudzwa pamapurojekiti epasi rose.
Mhedziso
Iyochiratidzo chevharuvhu reshavishavichinhu chakakosha mumadhayagiramu eP&ID, zvichiratidza basa revharuvhu mukudzora kuyerera kwemvura. Kune maindasitiri ari kutsvaga mhinduro dzinogara kwenguva refu uye dzisingadhuri, kushanda pamwe chete nemugadziri wemavharuvhu ane mukurumbira **butterfly muChina** kunoita kuti pave nezvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro pamitengo inokwikwidzana. Kunyangwe uchida mavharuvhu akajairwa kana magadzirirwo akagadzirwa, cheni yekugovera yakasimba yeChina nehunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi zvinoita kuti ive sarudzo yepamusoro yekutsvaga mavharuvhu emaindasitiri.
Nekunzwisisa zviratidzo zvevharuvhu uye kushanda pamwe chete nevatengesi vanovimbwa navo, mabhizinesi anogona kugadzirisa masisitimu avo kuti ashande zvakanaka, achengetedzeke, uye ave nemutengo wakareba.
Nguva yekutumira: Kukadzi-20-2025